Martin Scorsese

One of the successful filmmakers of mafia films and also the founder of
The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation, and the
World Cinema Foundation., Martin Scorcese has represented themes such as Italian American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and
redemption,
machismo, modern crime and violence. Scorsese is known to be one of the most significant and influential American filmmakers of all time, directing films such as
Mean Streets,
Taxi Driver, and
Goodfellas - all of which he collaborated on with
Robert De Niro.
Martin Scorsese was born in New York City. His father,
Charles Scorsese (1913–1993), and mother,
Catherine Scorsese (born Cappa; 1912–97), both worked in New York's
Garment District. His father was a clothes presser and an actor, and his mother was a seamstress and an actress. His father's parents emigrated from
Polizzi Generosa, in the province of
Palermo,
Sicily and his mother was also of Italian descent. Scorsese was raised in a devoutly
Catholic environment. His upbringing and his passion for movies, particularly ,
Land of the Pharaohs and
El Cid, had a lasting impact on the movies he made.
Why Scorsese?
Aside from the setbacks he received, I find him innovative and daring enough to try out different genres and experiment. Scorsese was never afraid to take a new project and plunge into an entirely new concept and theme different from what he usually makes. But what really entranced me to analyze this director was his raw and brutal depiction of Italian streets and the rough edge life he had seen in his childhood. His portrayal in ‘the big shave’, ‘goodfellas’ ‘taxi driver’ ‘gangs of new York’ of street lives in early Manhattan is more realistic and enigmatic than any other film made on similar subjects
His initial desire to become a priest
gave way to cinema, and, consequently, Scorsese enrolled in NYU's University College of Arts and Science, (now known as the
College of Arts and Science), where he earned a B.A. in English in 1964. He went on to earn his M.F.A. from NYU's
Tisch School of the Arts in 1966, a year after the school was founded. He made another short, "The Big Shave" (1967), which depicted a man shaving his hair and the skin on his head, creating a bloody mess in the bathroom, evidence of Scorsese's unflinching use of violence to underscore a deeper truth; in this case, self-mutilation as a metaphor for the increasingly destructive Vietnam War. With three short films under his belt, Scorsese was ready to take the next bigger step.
While pursuing his master's, Scorsese made his directorial debut with "Who's That Knocking at My Door" (1967), starring a baby-faced Harvey Keitel as working-class Italian-American from Little Italy who starts dating an educated, uptown girl (Zina Bethune), only to learn she is not a virgin, which clashes with his Catholic upbringing. First developed as a short, then filmed on and off for four years, "Who's That Knocking" displayed many of the elements that would eventually become Scorsese trademarks - fluid camera movements, a pulsating soundtrack and a visceral portrayal of violence. Despite its showing at the 1967 Chicago Film Festival, the film waited another two years for a theatrical release.
To gain more professional experience for his films, Sorcese made Boxcar Bertha" (1972), but after seeing a rough cut of the film,his friend John Cassavetes encouraged him to make something more personal instead. And with that came mean streets, Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore(1974), Taxi Driver (1976) which potrayed the lower east side of manhattan and his rough upbringing he had seen. In the movies above, the protaginist’s catholic upbringing conflicts along with his lifestlyle along with the gritty lifestlyle is brilliantly potrayed. "Taxi Driver" went on to earn four Academy Award nominations, including one for Best Picture, and eventually went down in cinema history as one of the more iconic films of Hollywood's second Golden Age. Scorcese was known to be top experimental filmmakers by then after firmly being established as one of the top directors which friends Francis Ford Coppola, Steven Spielberg and George Lucas.
 |
| Set of 'Raging Bull' |
With his next film, "New York, New York" (1977), Scorsese tried to create a nostalgic look at the movie musical, but shifted gears during filming to shape the story around the deteriorating relationship between a jazz saxophonist (De Niro) and a big band singer (Liza Minnelli). The result was an uneven film and audience fond of music foud te movie depressing. Realizing he was no Busby Berkeley, Scorsese returned to documentary filmmaking with "The Last Waltz" (1978). During the time he was making this film, Scorsese was living with Band drummer and lead singer Robbie Robertson. Scorsese was doing heavy amounts of drugs, which led to complete exhaustion and a stay in the hospital in the late 1970s and which caused the movie delay for two more years. Thankfully for De Niro and moviegoers around the world, the director kicked drugs, got back on track, and went on to direct what many considered his masterpiece, "Raging Bull" (1980), which was later regarded as one of the top movies ever made. Scorsese was passed over at the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture, despite De Niro winning a much deserved Oscar for Best Actor.
Scorsese has been married five times. His first wife was
Laraine Marie Brennan; they have a daughter, Catherine. He married the writer
Julia Cameron in 1976; they have a daughter,
Domenica Cameron-Scorsese, who is an actress and appeared in
The Age of Innocence, but the marriage lasted only a year. The divorce was acrimonious and served as the basis of Cameron's first feature, the dark comedy,
God's Will, which also starred their daughter, Domenica.
Though Scorsese made several films throughout the 1980s they were not that well received as were "Mean Streets," "Taxi Driver" and "Raging Bull." until "GoodFellas" (1990), his long-awaited and welcome reunion with Robert De Niro.Although he stepped back a notch with the ‘the age of innocence’ and Cape fear but got back on track with "Casino" (1995), his eighth collaboration with De Niro. Featuring swirling camera movements, a pumping soundtrack and confiding voiceover from De Niro, "Casino" was a flawed allegory of America's loss of innocence - ground most reviewers felt was covered to better effect in "GoodFellas." With "Kundun" (1997), Scorsese once again got derailed with the set of conventions he followed, focusing more on Dalai Lama.

Scorsese next directed Nicolas Cage as a fast-living EMT in the morbid, psychotropic drama "Bringing Out the Dead" (1999), which ended up one of Scorsese's weakest films. Meanwhile, Scorsese spent a few years working on the epic "The Gangs of New York" (2002), a sweeping look at the New York immigrant riots of the late 19th century. Upon its release, "Gangs" was hailed as a mighty achievement. Scorsese took home a Golden Globe, but earned his fourth Academy Award nod without a win for Best Director.
Deying the hype surrounding the difficulties of bringing "Gangs" to the screen, Scorsese reunited with DiCaprio for "The Aviator" (2004), "The Aviator" won the Golden Globe award for Best Motion Picture. It also led the pack with 11 Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director, Scorsese's fifth nod in the directing category.
In 2006, Scorsese made a triumphant return to form with his next film, "The Departed, and was hailed by fans and critics alike; he had studiously avoided the genre since "Casino" in order to explore other avenues.

Meanwhile, "The Departed" earned huge helpings of critical kudos prior to its early October 2006 release, positioning the film for a strong opening weekend. The film did have a substantial box office take - over $120 million all told - while earning the director another win at the Golden Globe Awards for Best Director, setting the stage for an Oscar nomination for Best Director at the 79th Annual Academy Awards. Scorsese finally won the coveted Oscar for Best Director, an honor made that much sweeter when he received a standing ovation and was handed the award by his longtime friends and peers, Francis Ford Coppola, Steven Spielberg and George Lucas. Meanwhile, in 2007, he formed the World Cinema Foundation, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to preserving neglected films for posterity and restoring others that had been damaged by the ravages of time and poor storage.
Back in feature films, Scorsese joined forces a fourth time with DiCaprio for "Shutter Island" (2009) For which Scorsese received the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the 67th Annual Golden Globes, presented to him by both De Niro and DiCaprio. Sorcese directed the pilot episode, of ‘the boardwalk empire’ which earned him an Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series in 2011. At the end of the year, Scorsese released his next feature, "Hugo" (2011), an inventive children's adventure about a 12-year-old boy. The film was hailed by critics and instantly garnered awards-season buzz.